Volga German Cabbage and Dumplings (Kraut und Kleis/Краут унд клейс)

Name: Volga German Cabbage and Dumplings (Kraut und Kleis/Краут унд клейс)
Prep time: 20 min
Cook time: 40 min
Total time: 1 h
Cuisine: European, German
Ingredients: 1 cup all-purpose flour; 1 teaspoon dried thyme or parsley; 3/4 teaspoon black pepper; 1/2 teaspoon salt; 1/2 teaspoon baking powder (optional); 1/4 teaspoon baking soda (optional); 2 large eggs, room temperature and whisked; 1 to 3 tablespoon milk, if needed; 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, divided; 1 large onion, roughly chopped; 1 medium cabbage, chopped into large chunks; 1/4 cup vegetable or chicken stock; 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder; 1 tablespoon roughly chopped fresh parsley, for garnish; Kosher salt and freshly cracked black pepper, to taste